Gas turbine power plant



Jan. '19, 1965 c. c. HILL 3,156,237

GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT Original Filed June 26, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 &

FIG. I

INVENTOR. CHARLES C- HILL ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1965 c, c, HlLL 3,166,237

GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT Original Filed June 26, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2

INVENTOR. CHARLES C. HILL dWZk-ALM ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1965 c. c. HILL GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT Original Filed June 26, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 m 1 9 m. 0, ML. 4 M 1 iv; I v 2% a e w G .a mu 3 I I w w 1 a F N a I I 9 m m IA k |||L. ||||||ll||nl||- .{II a 0 A ll lllllllllllllnlyll Ill FIG.

lVEN TOR. CHARLES Hm.

ATTORNEYS United States Patent 3,166,237 GAS TURBINE POWER PLAN Charles C. Hill, 1148 Vesper, Ann Arbor, Mich. Original application June 26, 1959, Ser. No. 823,197, new Patent No. 3,118,278, dated Jan. 21, 1964. Divided and this application Mar. 22, 19,63, Ser. No. 267,091 8 Claims. (Cl. 230- 116) This invention relates to gas turbine power plants.

It is an object of the invention to provide a gas turbine power plant which is light in weight, compact and efiicient.

It is a further object of the inventionto provide such a power plant which can be easily manufactured at relatively low cost as compared to the cost of prior gas turbine power plants. t 1

it is a further object of the invention to provide a gas turbine power plant which includes novel structure for maintaining concentricity between associated parts thereof. t

It is a further object of the invention to provide such a gas turbine power plant having novel means for lubricating the rotating shaft of the power plant.

It is a further object of the invention toprovide such a gas turbine power plant having novel means for balancing the thrust on the main shaft bearing.

It is a further object of the invention to provide such a gas turbine power plant having novel bearing means for journalling the rotating shaft which supports the turbine rotor and compressor impeller, the means being such that the critical speeds, i.e. the speeds at which. maximum amplitude oscillations occur, and oscillations of the shaft are controlled and such as to permit dynamically balancing before'the shaft is installed in the power plant and which eliminates the need for dynamic balancing after the shaft is installed in the powerplant without the need for match marking the parts. V f

It is a further object of the invention to providesuch a gas turbine power plant which is so constructed that it can be readily assembled and disassembled to facilitate maintenance.

Basically, the gas turbine power plan-t comprises a compressor, a burner and a turbine positioned between the compressor and burner. .Air' is drawn by the compressor impeller through a sound absorbing passageway and is then passed axially through a heat exchanger surrounding the turbine to a burner. The burner provides a. continuously rotating fuel spray at a predetermined speed such as to prevent the creation of hot spots on various areas of the power plant. The gases of combustion are directed axially from the burner through the turbine and thereafter around the turbine and radially outwardly through the heat exchanger.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary part sectional elevation of the gas turbine power plant made in accordance with the invention.

' FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on a relatively enlarged scale taken along the line 2--2 in FIG; 1. FIG. 3 is a fragmentary end elevation of a portion of the shaft mounting and lubricating structure.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIG. 3 showing. further details of the shaft mounting and lubricating structure. 6 FIG. is an end view of an oil port manifold utilized in the apparatus shown in FIG. 4.

3,166,237 Patented Jan. 19, 1965 General construction Referring to FIG. 1, power plant 20 embodying the invention comprises a compressor generally designated 21 which draws air from the atmosphere through an axial intake chamber 29 in housing 27. Air flows axially from compressor 21 through a heat exchanger 40 surrounding a turbine 23 to a burner 22 as more fully described below. The air is mixed .with fuel in burner 22 and the gases of combustion pass from burner 22 to the turbine 23. The exhaust gases from turbine 23 pass radially outwardly through heat exchanger 40 and are exhausted to the atmosphere. Compressor impeller'24 and turbine rotor 25 are fixed on a shaft 26 which provides a drive to reduction gearing in housing 27 at one end of the power plant which, in turn, provides power to an output shaft 28. H

Housing 27 is generally cylindrical. Compressor 21 includes a shroud 30 which is bolted to one end of the housing 27. As shown in FIG. 2, shroud 30 includes an outer cylindrical web 31, a radial web 32 extending inwardly from intermediate the edges of cylindrical web 30 and an inner cylindrical web 33 extending axially fromthe inner end of the radial web 32. In this manner, shroud 30 provides an annular space which faces .theannular chamber 29. This annular space is filled with sound absorbing material. As shown in FIG. 2, the material 34 nearest the web 32 is preferably of such a type as to withstand high temperatures, such as glass fibers, while the material 35 adjacent the annulus 29 is of the high soundabsorbing type such as foamed plastic, preferably of the polyurethane ester type. Foamed plastic material is also providedaround the inner and outer sides of the annular chamber- 29 as at 36, 37 to absorb and dissipate the noise. The exposed surfaces of the materials 35, 36, 37 are shaped to form an annular passagewayto the impeller 24- of the compressor. A flange 38 on one end ofthe cylindrical web 31 abuts the edge of the housing 27 and bolts 39 are threaded into the housing 27 to holdthe compressor shroud 30 in position on the housing 27 The use of a foamed plastic to form the sides of the annular chamber 29 permits the sidesof the chambers to be readily formed tothe desiredconfiguration. Foamed plastic materials such as polyurethane esters are resistant to erosion and deformation due to movement of the air at high speeds through channel 29 in addition to being effective in absorbing sound caused either by movement of the'air through the channel 29 or sound caused from the turbine proper.

The foamed plastic is light in weight and withstands deterioration when exposed to oil or water. In addi: tion, it is low incost and may be foamed in place so that no fastenings are required. The elimination of the fastenings not only reduces the cost but, in addition, results in a greater safety because there is' no danger of the fastenings becoming loose and passing into the impeller 24. Elimination of fastenings also reduces the cost of assembly. 1 f

Heat exchanger assembly 40 is mounted on the other end of the cylindrical web 31 of shroud 30 and includes a ring 41. Bolts 41a extend axially through a flange on .web 31 and arethreaded into ring 41. Ring 41*is connected' to a pilot. flange 42 by a toroidal manifold 48. Flange 42 engages with a flange 43 on a bearing housing 44 and holds the bearing housing 4 inconcentric relation to the compressor shroud 30. As further shown in FIG. 2, bearing housing 44 includes a surface 45 which extends radially in spaced parallel relationship to the adjacent surface of the radial web 32 of the compressor shroud 30. In addition, integral curved diiTuser vanes 46 extend from radial web 32 axially into contact with the adjacent surface 45 of bearing housing 44. In practice,'a slight clearance 45a on the order of 0.004 inch is provided on the surface 45 of bearing housing 44 to insure contact of the radially innermost portion of vanes 46 with surface 45 Whenbolts 41a are tightened. This insures a rigid mounting'of housing 44 on compressor shroud 21. These diffuser vanes serve to decrease the velocity and increase the pressure of the air leaving the impeller 24. The outer peripheral surface 47 of thebearing housing 44 is spaced from the radially inner surface of the web "31 to provide an axial diffusing passageway may pass.

which communicates with the space betweenthe surface 45 and the Web 32 and further decreases the velocity of the air. I a

Hollow toroidal manifold 48 is mounted on the ring 41 and welded "or brazed thereto to provide a manifold into which the air is directed from the axial passageway between web 31 and peripheral surface 47. This passage is unobstructed by bolts or other fastening devices. A plurality of tubes 919 (FIG. 2) are mounted at one end of manifold as with the interior of the tubes communicating with the manifold. As shown in FIGS.- 2 and 5, the tubes 49 are arranged circumferentially around manitold 48 and, extend axially thereof. The cross section of each tube preferably comprises genenally radially in wardlyexteridingjsides 50, 51 and opposed circumferentially extending ends 52, 53. Sides of adjacent tubes 49 are parallel. Corrugated strips 54 are provided between the tubes. Each strip 54 is corrugated in'a radial direction (FIGS. 1 and 2). The exhaust gases from the burner 22 'pass between the tubes 49 through the strips 54 and thereby transfer heat to the air passing throughthe tubes 49 as presently described. I

As shown in FIG. 2, bearing housing 44 supports a baflle 93 which directs theexhaust gases from turbine r otor 25 to the area adjacent tubes 49. Baflie 93 is provided with perforations 94 and sound absorbing and heat insulating material 95'such as refractory fibers is positioned behind baflle 93.

The compressor impeller 24, turbine rotor 25 and the shaft 26 are rotatably'mounted in the bearing housing 44 in a manner presently described;

As shown in FIG. 1; the ends of the tubes :49 opposite manifold ds extend through a radial end wall 55 of a 1 cylindrical shell 56 and pass the air through tubes 49 into the cylindrical shell 56. A ring 57 is fastened to flange 58 around the inner periphery of wall 55 and a on; portion 61, an integral conical portion "63 extending from the opposite end of the cylindrical portion 62 and a" second cylindrical portion 64 extending from the conical'porti on' 63 (FIG. 1).- *Turbine shroud assembly 59 also includes a flange-65 on the end of portion 64 which engagesthe ring 57 and throughwhich bolts; extend (FIG. l) Shirns 66 may be provided between the flange and the ring 57 to accurately'position the frusto -conh cal portion 6 1'of turbineshroud .assembly axially rela- 1 tive' to the rotor 25 and; thereby controlithe spacing between the outer endof the rotor blades 25a and the inner surface of the frusto-conical portionoh;

Turbine shroud assembly 59 also supports turbine sta- 4 tor assembly 67 which directs the combustion gases from burner 22 to the blades of rotor 25. Stator assembly 67 includes a plurality'of circumferentially spaced hollow stator vanes 68 which cooperate to form nozzles. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ends of the stator vanes 68 are fixed to a mounting ring 59 and the inner ends extend into a chamber 70 which is defined by a generally radially extending wall 71 and a hemispherical wall 72. The inner ends of stator vanes 68 are preferably free to move radially relative to wall 72. By this ararngement, air from the compressor 21 is supplied through the vanes 68 in a direction radially inwardly from the space 73 within turbine shroud assembly 59 and into chamber 70 to cool the stator vanes. Radial wall .71 is provided with openings 74 which permit some of the air to pass from the chamber 70 onto the adjacent side of the rotor 25 and thereby cool the rotor hub 25b.. Hemispherical wall 72 is formed with openings 75 throngh which some of the air A baflie 76 having vindentations 77 and a spacer 77a thereon which space the baflle'76 from the outer surface of the wall 72 redirects this air along the outersurface ofthe wall 72 so that it cools the outer surface of wall 72 and passes in a thin film against the rim ofrotor hub 25b and the root of blades 25a to cool them. Air is also'supiplied to cool the other side 25c of the rotor hub 25b by. radial passages 78 and axial passages 79 in the bearing housing 44 as presently described.

One or more pilot pins 69a may be provided between the nozzle mounting ring 69 and turbine shroud assembly 59 to prevent rotation of the stator assembly 67 due t6o the reaction of the combustion gases on the stator vanes Referring to FIGS; 1 and '2, a generally cylindrical flame tube 80 isprovided in the power plant and has its inner end formed with a flange 81 engaging but unattached to the end of mounting ring 69 and piloted therein by a'lip 32 on ring Flame tube'iitl is supported in position by clips 91 held in place on ring 57 by bolts 60 (FIG. 1). f Each clip 91 engages a retainer loop 92 mounted on the exterior of tube 80 intermediate its ends. Flame tube 80 is formed with a plurality of openings 83, fi lwhich permit air from the compressor to pass from the shell 56 radially inwardly into the tube. A generally frusto-conical member 85 telescopes into the outer end of tube 80 and centers the outer end of tube 8%. Member 85 is formed at its outer end with an axial opening 86. The

outer end of shell 56 is closed by a dished an flanged head' 87 which is fixed to the end of shell 56 by bolts 88. Dished head 87 supports afuel nozzle. assembly 89 and an igniter 90. Fuel nozzle assembly 89 extends into the open outer end of member '85 and provides a rotating spray of fuelfto the interior of the flame tube 80, as

described in my application Serial No. 823,197, filed June 26, 1959 of which this application is a division.

Shaft mounting'struct ure i Refer-ringto FIG. 2, the hub 25b of turbine rotor 25 V between the sleeve 191 and shaft it; at one end of the 70' cartridge by a segmental carbon type seal ring Hi5 held in position by a sna'p ring 1%. A rolleiibea ring 107 is interposed-betweenthe one endof the sleeve 101 and the shaft 26 and engages a shoulder .onythe sleeve 101 and a-shoulderon the shaft 26. A ball bearing 1% is provided at the other end: of thesleeve lit and an oil manifold 109 and manifold spacer 110 are positioned between the bearings 107, 108. An O-ring 111 is provided on the other end of the sleeve 101 and is seated in a groove in the opposite end of the bore 44a of bearing housing 44. A lock nut 112 holds the bearing assembly 100 in position in bore 44a of bearing housing 44. A washer 113 and lock washer 114 are interposed between nut 112 and the other end of the hub of bearing housing 44. In addition, a Washer 115 is interposed between nut 112 and the other race of bearing 108. The dimensions are such that when the lock nut 112 is tightened against washer 115 an axial clearance of several thousandths exists between spring washer 104 and the end of bearing housing 44.

The impeller 24 is press fitted on a bushing 116 which is formed with a spline connection 117- which engages a spline on a reduced portion of shaft 26-. A lock nut 118 a is threaded on the shaft 26 and engages one end of the impeller 24 to hold the impeller 24. and-the-inner races of bearings 107, 108 and manifold spacer 110 in position on the shaft.

A slight radial clearance is intentionally provided between the bearing housing 44 and sleeve 101, on the order of 0.002 inch, in order to provide some permissible radial motion between the bearing assembly and the bearing housing 44. O-rings 103, 111 thus act as spring supports for the sleeve 101 and, in turn, the bearing assembly on bearing'housing 44.'The engagement of the Washers 104, 113 with the ends of the hub of housing 44 provide a frictional damper because of the metal to metal 'contact .which damps any radial oscillations of the bearing assembly relative to bearing housing 44 at critical speeds of rotation. The O-rings 103, 111 provide a resilient mount which reduces the critical speed of rotation below the operating speed of the turbine. The O-rings 103, 111 also act as non-linear springs, thatis, become more stiff with increased load and therefore provide aprogressively greater resistance to oscillations as the rings are. loaded.

Labyrinth type seals are provided between the hearing housing 44 and the turbine rotor-25 and compressor impeller 24. Labyrinth seal member 119 on one end of the bearing housing 44 cooperates with a sealing surface 120 on turbine rotor 25 to provide a seal. A sealing member 121 on the other end of the bearing housing 44 cooperates with a labyrinth seal surface 122 on. the bushing 116 to form a seal on the other end ofthe bearing housing 44. A vent 121a in member 121 communicates with passage 12% in housing seal to the insulation 95.

Passages 78 in the bearing housing 44 extend generally radially inwardly from the outer'periphery .47 of the member 44 and communicate with axial passages 79 which extend axially from the inner end of the passage 78 to the end of thebearing housing 44 which is adjacent turbine rotor 25. In this manner, air adjacent the 44, to vent thelabyrinth periphery of the bearing housing 44 passes through the passages 78, 79 and openings 123 in washer 104 into contact with surface 250 of turbine rotorhub 25b to cool the rotor hub.

Referring to FIG. 2, the pressure of air and gases on the compressor rotor 24 tends to cause an axial thrust on shaft 26 to the right as shown in FIG. 2. This is counteracted by the pressure of the air exhausted from impeller 24 on the portion of the impeller 24 which extends between the labyrinth seal 121,122 to the periphery of the impeller 24, generallydesignated as 24a (FIG.

2). Since the unit pressure ofair on the left of impeller 24 varies from the center to theperiphery and the unit a pressure of air on the right, 24b, of impeller 24 is substantially equal to the impeller output unit pressure, the net thrust on impeller 24 is generally to the left In addition, the pressure of gases andair on the turbine rotor 25 tends to cause a thrust on the shaft to the left as shown in FIG. 2. This, in turn, is counteracted by the pressure of air from compressor impeller 24 communicating to the bearing housing 44.

6 through passages 78, 79 and acting on surface 250 of the turbine hub 25b which extends radially inwardly from the labyrinth seal 119, 120. The pressure from compressor 24 has been increased by diffusers .46 which convert some of the kinetic energy of the air from compressor 21 to pressure energy. By varying the diameter of the labyrinth seals 121, 122 and 119, 120 it is possible to vary the areas of the counteracting thrust on the impeller 24 and rotor 25, respectively, and thus either balance the total thrust or cause the thrust to be in one direction or the other, that is, to the right or left as viewed in FIG. 2.

Shaft lubricating system A system is provided for lubricating the shaft 26 and the bearing assembly 100. Oil from a pump in the gear housing 27 is forced under pressure through passages in the bearing housing 44 to the shaft 26 and bearing assembly 100. As shown in FIG. 1, oil passes from a pump (not shown) driven by shaft 26 through a line The oil is returned through a similar line (not shown) from the bearing housing 44 to the reservoir for the oil. As shown in FIG. 3, bearing housing 44 is formed with a radially extending inlet passage 131 and a radially extending outlet passage, 132. The innerv end of inlet passage 131 com-' municates with a groove 133 adjacent the sleeve 101. Sleeve 101 is formed with openings 134 providing communication between the groove 133 and an annular groove 135 in the outer surface of the oil manifold 109 (FIG. 6). Oil manifold 109 is cylindrical and is formed with circumferentially spaced radial slots 136 at the end thereof nearest the ballbearing 108 (FIG. 2). The lastmentioned end is counterbored so that the areas between the slots are formed with shoulders 136a spaced axially inwardly from the end of manifold 109. Passageways 137 extend generally axially from the shoulders to annular groove 135. The other end of manifold 109 is beveled radially and axially inwardly as at 138 and passageways 139 extend axially from the beveled surfaces 138 to annular groove 135. The oil entering through inlet 131 passes to the annular groove 135 and thereafter through passages 137, 139 to the area of the bearings 108, 107. Outlet passage 132 in bearing housing 44 communicates with a manifold area 140 which, in turn, communicates with the area of the bearings through openings 141, 142, 143' and 144 to permit a continuous return circulation of the lubricating oil.

Assembly Assembly of the gas turbine power plant may be summarized as follows: In assembly, compressor shroud 30, hearing housing 44, heat exchanger assembly 40 and shell 56 form a single unit. Bearing assembly 100 is first assembled on shaft 26 and the compressor impeller 24 is also mounted on the shaft. This entire sub-assembly is then dynamically balanced in its own bearings. Compressor impeller 24 is removed and the sub-assembly without impeller 24 of bearing assembly 100, turbine rotor 25 and shaft 26 are inserted in the bearing housing 44 after which the compressor impeller 24 is again mounted on the shaft 26 in the same angular position as when balanced as by a key or, spline. Since the entire sub-assembly including the turbine rotor 25, shaft 26, bearing assembly 100 and impeller 24 have been previously dynamically balanced and angular relationship is not disturbed during assembly, it is not necessary to again balance these units when they are mounted in bearing housing 44. 1 Bearing housing 44 is then brought into position adjacent heat exchanger 40 with flange 42 of heat exchanger 40 in engagement with flange 43 of bearing housing 44 to thereby center the bearing housing 44 relative to the heat exchanger. This assembly is then brought into position and mounted on compressor shroud 30.

Turbine shroud 59 is then mounted in position and the, turbine stator assembly 67 is inserted in position adjacentthe turbine rotor 25. Shims 6 6 may be provided as required to' providethe proper clearance between the outer ends of turbine rotor blades a and frusto-conical 7 pressor shroud may be made at any time before or after turbine rotor 25, shaft2 6 and impeller 24 have been mounted in bearing housing 44. I

Operation The operation of the gas turbine power plant may be summarized as follows:

In order to start the gas turbine power plant, a starter in the housing 27 is energized electrically to rotate the shaft 26. This operatesa fuel pump (not shown) and after the fuel pressure reaches a predetermined value, about p.s.i., fuel solenoid 164 is energized and ,ignitor ht} is also energized. Operation of the starter causes air to be drawn into and from the compressor 21 to the burner 22 where it ismix'ed with fuel'and ignited by the ignitor 90.; The combustion gases then pass to the turbine 23 and operate on the turbine rotor 25 to rotate shaft 26. After combustion has begun, the starter and ignitor are de-energized and combustion continues with resultant operation'of the power plant.

,' y In operation, air is drawn by the compressor impeller 24 from the exterior through annular'chamber 29 in housing 27 and is compressed and directed radially outwardly between surface of bearing housing 44 and the adjacent surface of web 32 (FIG. 2).

The velocity of the air is partially converted to pressure by diffuser vanes 46,. The air then passes through the axial passageway between the end of bearing housing 44 and the web 31 where it is-further diffused and flows to the manifold 48 through the tubes 49 to the shell .56 (FIG. 1). The air then flows radially inwardly. The major portion of the air passes through the openings 84 in burner tube 80 and is mixed with the fuel emanating from nozzle 174i and the mixture is burned. Another portion of the air passes through openings 83 to cool or quench the combustion gases to the desired operating temperature. A portion of the air passes through the manifold 151 and causes the nozzle 174 to be rotated to provide a whirling spray of fuel. Another portion of the air passes axially beto the bearings 107, 108. From the area around the bearings, the oil flows to outlet passage 132 and back to the reservoir. cooling of the bearings is achieved.

By'providing insulating material 34, 35 and 36 adjacent the inlet of the compressor and insulating material 95 adjacent the outlet of the turbine substantial reduction in noise is achieved providing for a more quiet operation of the gas turbine power plant. j V

A typical gas turbine power plant embodying the invention has the following general specifications:

Power rating 75 horsepower.

Output shaft speed 3600 rpm.

Turbine shaft speed 50,000 r.p.rn.

Length 39.60 inches.

Diameter 14.0 inches.

Weight 125 lbs.

Fuels f Diesel, kerosene, fuel 1 oil, jet fuel or gasoline, liquified petroleum gases and nat- P ural gases. Compressor pressure Itcan thus be seen that I have provided a gas turbine power plant which is light in weight 'and compact and eflicient. 'The simplicity of design permits the power plant to be constructed at a relatively low 'cost as compared to the cost of prior gas turbine power plants. The

tween the turbine shroud 59 and tube 80 through the stator vanes'68 to cool the stator vanes (FIG. 2). This 'air subsequently flows outwardly through opening 74 in wall 71 to cool one side of the turbine rotor hub 25b and also through openings 75 in spherical wall 72 and along bafiie 76 to cool the rirnof wall 72 and the turbine rotor 25.

The gasesof combustion in flame tube 80 are directed by the stator vanes 68 against the blades on the turbine rotor 25 and then are exhausted axially. Baffle 93 redirects the exhaust gases approximately 180 into the area betwee'n'the shroud 59 and thetubes 459 and the exhaust gases then .pass radially between the tubes 49 into contact with the corrugated strips 54 (FIG. 5) so that some of the heat of the exhaust gases is transferred to the air passing through the tubes 4-9.

' 'Airfrom the compressorimpeller 24 is also passed through passageways 78, 79 to the other side of the tur-' bine rotor to thereby cool the turbine rotor and assist in balancing the thrust. r

During the operation of the power plant, lubricating oil I housing ZTto the inlet Bland the associated passages is continuously pumped fromthe pump inthe gearbox No. 3,118,278, to which reference can be made for details of construction not shown or described in the present ap-' plication.

Iclaim: i 1. In a turbine, the combination comprising a shaft, an impeller on said shaft, a turbine on said shaft,

a bearing housing, l and abearing cartridge forrotatably mounting said shaft in said bearing housing, said bearing housing and said bearing cartridge being so constructed and arranged that there is a radial clearance between the bearing housing and the bear ing cartridge, 7 non-linear resilient meansinterposed between said bearing cartridge andsaid bearing housing at each end thereof for supporting said bearing cartridge in said bearing housing, I and friction means at each end for damping the oscillations of said bearing cartridge relative to said bearing housing. I I. i v2. In a gas turbine: power plant, the'combination comprising I a bearing housing having an opening therethrough, a shaft extending through said opening, a turbine rotor fixed on said shaft, 7

a compressor impeller fixed on said shaft at a point In this manner, a complete lubrication and said sleeve and said bearing housing being so constructed and arranged that there is a radial clearance between the sleeve and the bearing housing, non-linear resilient means interposed between said sleeve and said bearing housing adjacent each end of said sleeve for supporting said sleeve for limited radial movement in said bearing housing, and friction means adjacent the ends of said sleeve for clamping the oscillations of said bearing sleeve relative to said bearing housing. 7 3. The combination set forth in claim 2 wherein said resilient means comprises an O-ring interposed between said opening in said bearing housing and said sleeve adjacent each end of said sleeve.

4. In a gas turbine power plant, the combination comprising a bearing housing, a shaft rotatabiy mounted in said housing, an axial flow turbine rotor mounted on said shafit at one side of said housing, a compressor impeller mounted on said shaft at the other side of said housing, shroud means adjacent said impeller and cooperating therewith to form a compressor, means providing a labyrinth seal between one side of said impeller and said bearing housing, the side of said impeller adjacent said housing communicating with the output pressure of said compressor in the area extending from said labyrinth seal to the periphery of the impeller, means defining a labyrinth seal between said bearing housing and said turbine rotor, and means providing communication between the output of said compressor and the side of said rotor extending between the center of said rotor and said last-mentioned labyrinth seal and adjacent said bearing housing. 5. In a gas turbine power plant, the combination comprising a bearing housing, a shaft rotatably mounted in said bearing housing, an axial flow turbine rotor mounted on said shaft adjacent one side of said bearing housing, a compressor impeller mounted on said shaft adjacent the other side of said impeller housing, shroud means cooperating with said impeller and said bearing housing to define a compressor wherein air enters axially and is compressed and moves radially outwardly to the periphery of said bearing housing, means defining a labyrinth seal between said bearing housing and said impeller, said seal being exposed to the output of said impeller, means defining a labyrinth seal between said bearing housing and said turbine rotor, and means providing communication between the periphery of said bearing housing and the side of said rotor between said last-mentioned labyrinth seal and the center of said rotor.

10 6. In a gas turbine power plant, the combination comprising a casing,

a bearing housing mounted in said casing,

a shaft,

means for rotatably mounting said shaft in said bearing housing, said shaft being adapted to support a turbine rotor and a compressor impeller,

means for lubricating said shaft supporting means comprising radial inlet and outlet passages extending through said bearing housing,

and an oil manifold surrounding said shaft in communication with said inlet and adapted to deflect the oil to said means for rotatably mounting said shaft in said bearing housing,

said casing including an air passage extending axially about said housing,

and radially extending means for supplying oil to said inlets and through said air passage.

7. In a gas turbine power plant, the combination comprising a bearing housing,

a shaft rotatably mounted in said housing,

an axial flow turbine rotor mounted on said shaft at one side of said housing,

a compressor impeller mounted on said shaft at the other side of said housing,

shroud means adjacent said impeller and cooperating therewith to form a compressor,

means providing a seal between one side of said impeller and said bearing housing,

the side of said impeller adjacent said housing communicating with the output pressure of said compressor in the area extending from said seal to the periphery of the impeller,

means defining a seal between said bearing housing and said turbine rotor,

and means providing communication between the output of said compressor and the side of said rotor extending between the center of said rotor and said last mentioned seal and adjacent said bearing hous- 8. The combination set forth in claim 2 wherein said friction means comprises an annular washer at one end of said housing and a Belleville washer at the other end of said housing, an axial clearance being provided between the end of said sleeve and said Belleville washer.

References (Iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,293,176 Birmann May 19, 1942 2,492,672 Wood Dec. 27, 1949 2,702,093 Sherrill Feb. 15, 1955 2,775,400 Cox Dec. 25, 1956 2,842,306 Buchi July 8, 1958 2,973,136 Greenwald Feb. 28, 1961 3,004,806 Schinnerer Oct. 17, 1961 

1. IN A TURBINE, THE COMBINATION COMPRISING A SHAFT, AN IMPELLER ON SAID SHAFT, A TURBINE ON SAID SHAFT, A BEARING HOUSING, AND A BEARING CARTRIDGE FOR ROTATABLY MOUNTING SAID SHAFT IN SAID BEARING HOUSING, SAID BEARING HOUSING AND SAID BEARING CARTRIDGE BEING SO CONSTRUCTED AND ARRANGED THAT THERE IS A RADIAL CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE BEARING HOUSING AND THE BEARING CARTRIDGE, NON-LINEAR RESILIENT MEANS INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID BEARING CARTRIDGE AND SAID BEARING HOUSING AT EACH END THEREOF FOR SUPPORTING SAID BEARING CARTRIDGE IN SAID BEARING HOUSING, 